System Design Best Practices and Considerations
A photovoltaic (PV) system is an electric system that generates electricity from the sun’s energy. A major component of a PV system is the array, which is commonly the most visible part of a PV system and is composed of the solar panels that convert light from the sun into electrical energy. The amount of energy a solar array generates is highly correlated to how directly the array faces the sun. As the sun moves through the sky, morning to night and season to season, the optimal positioning of a solar array changes. To achieve optimal positioning at all times, an array that moves with the sun (using a tool called a tracker) can be installed, but more commonly solar arrays are mounted in a fixed position, usually on rooftops at the angle that results in getting the maximum benefit of solar power relative to the location of that particular PV system.
There are optimal ranges for fixed mounted systems but site-specific characteristics such as the angle of a roof and shading from trees and other items near the PV system’s location commonly guide the positioning of an array. Shade cast on a PV system throughout a majority of the day is not ideal and should usually be avoided.
Tilt and Azimuth – What are they and why do they matter?
Tilt
Azimuth
Additional Factors When Considering a Proposal
Ultimately, the REC estimate will allow you to make an “apples-to-apples” comparison between the production of two PV system proposals.
There are a wide variety of products that make up a PV system. When considering a PV system, you should also consider the warranties on the overall system, the inverter(s), and the PV modules.
Depending on whether you purchase your PV system outright, take out a loan to finance the system, lease the system, or enter into a PPA (Power Purchase Agreement is a contract to purchase just the energy generated by the system), some of the above system design considerations may be more or less relevant to your particular situation. In all situations, however, it’s important to evaluate the payback period for your solar PV system, weighing any upfront or ongoing costs relative to the projected savings from reduced utility bills.
